tls_callbacks.cpp

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/*
* TLS Callbacks
* (C) 2016 Jack Lloyd
*     2017 Harry Reimann, Rohde & Schwarz Cybersecurity
*     2022 René Meusel, Hannes Rantzsch - neXenio GmbH
*     2023 René Meusel - Rohde & Schwarz Cybersecurity
*
* Botan is released under the Simplified BSD License (see license.txt)
*/
 
#include <botan/tls_callbacks.h>
 
#include <botan/dh.h>
#include <botan/dl_group.h>
#include <botan/ecdh.h>
#include <botan/ocsp.h>
#include <botan/pk_algs.h>
#include <botan/tls_algos.h>
#include <botan/tls_exceptn.h>
#include <botan/tls_policy.h>
#include <botan/x509path.h>
#include <botan/internal/ct_utils.h>
#include <botan/internal/stl_util.h>
 
#if defined(BOTAN_HAS_CURVE_25519)
   #include <botan/curve25519.h>
#endif
 
#if defined(BOTAN_HAS_X448)
   #include <botan/x448.h>
#endif
 
#if defined(BOTAN_HAS_KYBER)
   #include <botan/kyber.h>
#endif
 
#if defined(BOTAN_HAS_FRODOKEM)
   #include <botan/frodokem.h>
#endif
 
#if defined(BOTAN_HAS_TLS_13_PQC)
   #include <botan/internal/hybrid_public_key.h>
#endif
 
namespace Botan {
 
void TLS::Callbacks::tls_inspect_handshake_msg(const Handshake_Message& /*unused*/) {
   // default is no op
}
 
std::string TLS::Callbacks::tls_server_choose_app_protocol(const std::vector<std::string>& /*unused*/) {
   return "";
}
 
std::string TLS::Callbacks::tls_peer_network_identity() {
   return "";
}
 
std::chrono::system_clock::time_point TLS::Callbacks::tls_current_timestamp() {
   return std::chrono::system_clock::now();
}
 
void TLS::Callbacks::tls_modify_extensions(Extensions& /*unused*/,
                                           Connection_Side /*unused*/,
                                           Handshake_Type /*unused*/) {}
 
void TLS::Callbacks::tls_examine_extensions(const Extensions& /*unused*/,
                                            Connection_Side /*unused*/,
                                            Handshake_Type /*unused*/) {}
 
bool TLS::Callbacks::tls_should_persist_resumption_information(const Session& session) {
   // RFC 5077 3.3
   //    The ticket_lifetime_hint field contains a hint from the server about
   //    how long the ticket should be stored. A value of zero is reserved to
   //    indicate that the lifetime of the ticket is unspecified.
   //
   // RFC 8446 4.6.1
   //    [A ticket_lifetime] of zero indicates that the ticket should be discarded
   //    immediately.
   //
   // By default we opt to keep all sessions, except for TLS 1.3 with a lifetime
   // hint of zero.
   return session.lifetime_hint().count() > 0 || session.version().is_pre_tls_13();
}
 
void TLS::Callbacks::tls_verify_cert_chain(const std::vector<X509_Certificate>& cert_chain,
                                           const std::vector<std::optional<OCSP::Response>>& ocsp_responses,
                                           const std::vector<Certificate_Store*>& trusted_roots,
                                           Usage_Type usage,
                                           std::string_view hostname,
                                           const TLS::Policy& policy) {
   if(cert_chain.empty()) {
      throw Invalid_Argument("Certificate chain was empty");
   }
 
   Path_Validation_Restrictions restrictions(policy.require_cert_revocation_info(),
                                             policy.minimum_signature_strength());
 
   Path_Validation_Result result = x509_path_validate(cert_chain,
                                                      restrictions,
                                                      trusted_roots,
                                                      (usage == Usage_Type::TLS_SERVER_AUTH ? hostname : ""),
                                                      usage,
                                                      tls_current_timestamp(),
                                                      tls_verify_cert_chain_ocsp_timeout(),
                                                      ocsp_responses);
 
   if(!result.successful_validation()) {
      throw TLS_Exception(Alert::BadCertificate, "Certificate validation failure: " + result.result_string());
   }
}
 
void TLS::Callbacks::tls_verify_raw_public_key(const Public_Key& raw_public_key,
                                               Usage_Type usage,
                                               std::string_view hostname,
                                               const TLS::Policy& policy) {
   BOTAN_UNUSED(raw_public_key, usage, hostname, policy);
   // There is no good default implementation for authenticating raw public key.
   // Applications that wish to use them for authentication, must override this.
   throw TLS_Exception(Alert::CertificateUnknown, "Application did not provide a means to validate the raw public key");
}
 
std::optional<OCSP::Response> TLS::Callbacks::tls_parse_ocsp_response(const std::vector<uint8_t>& raw_response) {
   try {
      return OCSP::Response(raw_response);
   } catch(const Decoding_Error&) {
      // ignore parsing errors and just ignore the broken OCSP response
      return std::nullopt;
   }
}
 
std::vector<std::vector<uint8_t>> TLS::Callbacks::tls_provide_cert_chain_status(
   const std::vector<X509_Certificate>& chain, const Certificate_Status_Request& csr) {
   std::vector<std::vector<uint8_t>> result(chain.size());
   if(!chain.empty()) {
      result[0] = tls_provide_cert_status(chain, csr);
   }
   return result;
}
 
std::vector<uint8_t> TLS::Callbacks::tls_sign_message(const Private_Key& key,
                                                      RandomNumberGenerator& rng,
                                                      std::string_view padding,
                                                      Signature_Format format,
                                                      const std::vector<uint8_t>& msg) {
   PK_Signer signer(key, rng, padding, format);
 
   return signer.sign_message(msg, rng);
}
 
bool TLS::Callbacks::tls_verify_message(const Public_Key& key,
                                        std::string_view padding,
                                        Signature_Format format,
                                        const std::vector<uint8_t>& msg,
                                        const std::vector<uint8_t>& sig) {
   PK_Verifier verifier(key, padding, format);
 
   return verifier.verify_message(msg, sig);
}
 
std::unique_ptr<Private_Key> TLS::Callbacks::tls_kem_generate_key(TLS::Group_Params group, RandomNumberGenerator& rng) {
#if defined(BOTAN_HAS_KYBER)
   if(group.is_pure_kyber()) {
      return std::make_unique<Kyber_PrivateKey>(rng, KyberMode(group.to_string().value()));
   }
#endif
 
#if defined(BOTAN_HAS_FRODOKEM)
   if(group.is_pure_frodokem()) {
      return std::make_unique<FrodoKEM_PrivateKey>(rng, FrodoKEMMode(group.to_string().value()));
   }
#endif
 
#if defined(BOTAN_HAS_TLS_13_PQC)
   if(group.is_pqc_hybrid()) {
      return Hybrid_KEM_PrivateKey::generate_from_group(group, rng);
   }
#endif
 
   return tls_generate_ephemeral_key(group, rng);
}
 
KEM_Encapsulation TLS::Callbacks::tls_kem_encapsulate(TLS::Group_Params group,
                                                      const std::vector<uint8_t>& encoded_public_key,
                                                      RandomNumberGenerator& rng,
                                                      const Policy& policy) {
   if(group.is_kem()) {
      auto kem_pub_key = [&]() -> std::unique_ptr<Public_Key> {
 
#if defined(BOTAN_HAS_TLS_13_PQC)
         if(group.is_pqc_hybrid()) {
            return Hybrid_KEM_PublicKey::load_for_group(group, encoded_public_key);
         }
#endif
 
#if defined(BOTAN_HAS_KYBER)
         if(group.is_pure_kyber()) {
            return std::make_unique<Kyber_PublicKey>(encoded_public_key, KyberMode(group.to_string().value()));
         }
#endif
 
#if defined(BOTAN_HAS_FRODOKEM)
         if(group.is_pure_frodokem()) {
            return std::make_unique<FrodoKEM_PublicKey>(encoded_public_key, FrodoKEMMode(group.to_string().value()));
         }
#endif
 
         throw TLS_Exception(Alert::IllegalParameter, "KEM is not supported");
      }();
 
      return PK_KEM_Encryptor(*kem_pub_key, "Raw").encrypt(rng);
   }
 
   // TODO: We could use the KEX_to_KEM_Adapter to remove the case distinction
   //       of KEM and KEX. However, the workarounds in this adapter class
   //       should first be addressed.
   auto ephemeral_keypair = tls_generate_ephemeral_key(group, rng);
   return KEM_Encapsulation(ephemeral_keypair->public_value(),
                            tls_ephemeral_key_agreement(group, *ephemeral_keypair, encoded_public_key, rng, policy));
}
 
secure_vector<uint8_t> TLS::Callbacks::tls_kem_decapsulate(TLS::Group_Params group,
                                                           const Private_Key& private_key,
                                                           const std::vector<uint8_t>& encapsulated_bytes,
                                                           RandomNumberGenerator& rng,
                                                           const Policy& policy) {
   if(group.is_kem()) {
      PK_KEM_Decryptor kemdec(private_key, rng, "Raw");
      return kemdec.decrypt(encapsulated_bytes, 0, {});
   }
 
   try {
      auto& key_agreement_key = dynamic_cast<const PK_Key_Agreement_Key&>(private_key);
      return tls_ephemeral_key_agreement(group, key_agreement_key, encapsulated_bytes, rng, policy);
   } catch(const std::bad_cast&) {
      throw Invalid_Argument("provided ephemeral key is not a PK_Key_Agreement_Key");
   }
}
 
namespace {
 
bool is_dh_group(const std::variant<TLS::Group_Params, DL_Group>& group) {
   return std::holds_alternative<DL_Group>(group) || std::get<TLS::Group_Params>(group).is_dh_named_group();
}
 
DL_Group get_dl_group(const std::variant<TLS::Group_Params, DL_Group>& group) {
   BOTAN_ASSERT_NOMSG(is_dh_group(group));
 
   // TLS 1.2 allows specifying arbitrary DL_Group parameters in-lieu of
   // a standardized DH group identifier. TLS 1.3 just offers pre-defined
   // groups.
   return std::visit(
      overloaded{[](const DL_Group& dl_group) { return dl_group; },
                 [&](TLS::Group_Params group_param) { return DL_Group(group_param.to_string().value()); }},
      group);
}
 
}  // namespace
 
std::unique_ptr<PK_Key_Agreement_Key> TLS::Callbacks::tls_generate_ephemeral_key(
   const std::variant<TLS::Group_Params, DL_Group>& group, RandomNumberGenerator& rng) {
   if(is_dh_group(group)) {
      const DL_Group dl_group = get_dl_group(group);
      return std::make_unique<DH_PrivateKey>(rng, dl_group);
   }
 
   BOTAN_ASSERT_NOMSG(std::holds_alternative<TLS::Group_Params>(group));
   const auto group_params = std::get<TLS::Group_Params>(group);
 
   if(group_params.is_ecdh_named_curve()) {
      const EC_Group ec_group(group_params.to_string().value());
      return std::make_unique<ECDH_PrivateKey>(rng, ec_group);
   }
 
#if defined(BOTAN_HAS_CURVE_25519)
   if(group_params.is_x25519()) {
      return std::make_unique<X25519_PrivateKey>(rng);
   }
#endif
 
#if defined(BOTAN_HAS_X448)
   if(group_params.is_x448()) {
      return std::make_unique<X448_PrivateKey>(rng);
   }
#endif
 
   if(group_params.is_kem()) {
      throw TLS_Exception(Alert::IllegalParameter, "cannot generate an ephemeral KEX key for a KEM");
   }
 
   throw TLS_Exception(Alert::DecodeError, "cannot create a key offering without a group definition");
}
 
secure_vector<uint8_t> TLS::Callbacks::tls_ephemeral_key_agreement(
   const std::variant<TLS::Group_Params, DL_Group>& group,
   const PK_Key_Agreement_Key& private_key,
   const std::vector<uint8_t>& public_value,
   RandomNumberGenerator& rng,
   const Policy& policy) {
   auto agree = [&](const PK_Key_Agreement_Key& sk, const auto& pk) {
      PK_Key_Agreement ka(sk, rng, "Raw");
      return ka.derive_key(0, pk.public_value()).bits_of();
   };
 
   if(is_dh_group(group)) {
      // TLS 1.2 allows specifying arbitrary DL_Group parameters in-lieu of
      // a standardized DH group identifier.
      const auto dl_group = get_dl_group(group);
 
      auto Y = BigInt::decode(public_value);
 
      /*
       * A basic check for key validity. As we do not know q here we
       * cannot check that Y is in the right subgroup. However since
       * our key is ephemeral there does not seem to be any
       * advantage to bogus keys anyway.
       */
      if(Y <= 1 || Y >= dl_group.get_p() - 1) {
         throw TLS_Exception(Alert::IllegalParameter, "Server sent bad DH key for DHE exchange");
      }
 
      DH_PublicKey peer_key(dl_group, Y);
      policy.check_peer_key_acceptable(peer_key);
 
      return agree(private_key, peer_key);
   }
 
   BOTAN_ASSERT_NOMSG(std::holds_alternative<TLS::Group_Params>(group));
   const auto group_params = std::get<TLS::Group_Params>(group);
 
   if(group_params.is_ecdh_named_curve()) {
      const EC_Group ec_group(group_params.to_string().value());
      ECDH_PublicKey peer_key(ec_group, ec_group.OS2ECP(public_value));
      policy.check_peer_key_acceptable(peer_key);
 
      return agree(private_key, peer_key);
   }
 
#if defined(BOTAN_HAS_CURVE_25519)
   if(group_params.is_x25519()) {
      if(public_value.size() != 32) {
         throw TLS_Exception(Alert::HandshakeFailure, "Invalid X25519 key size");
      }
 
      Curve25519_PublicKey peer_key(public_value);
      policy.check_peer_key_acceptable(peer_key);
 
      return agree(private_key, peer_key);
   }
#endif
 
#if defined(BOTAN_HAS_X448)
   if(group_params.is_x448()) {
      if(public_value.size() != 56) {
         throw TLS_Exception(Alert::HandshakeFailure, "Invalid X448 key size");
      }
 
      X448_PublicKey peer_key(public_value);
      policy.check_peer_key_acceptable(peer_key);
 
      return agree(private_key, peer_key);
   }
#endif
 
   throw TLS_Exception(Alert::IllegalParameter, "Did not recognize the key exchange group");
}
 
}  // namespace Botan